As the traction motor is permanently coupled to the sun gear, the planetary carriers must rotate when the traction motor rotates. With clutch C2 and C3 disengaged, the generator-motor is decoupled from the engine as well as the planetary gearset. In this mode, the ring gear is held (locked) by clutch C1. Mode 1: Low-speed EV Propulsion (Engine Off). Extended-range (charge sustaining), in which the battery and engine work together in different operating modes to power the traction motor and to improve overall efficiency.Įach of these two driving modes is supported by two drive unit operating modes: a low-speed, 1-motor mode, and a high-speed, 2-motor mode.All battery-electric (charge depleting), in which the battery is the sole source of power for the motors and.The planetary carrier gears are used to modulate gearing ratios between the vehicle’s electric motors, its internal-combustion engine, and its 2:16 final drive. The 111 kW traction motor is permanently connected to the sun gear, and the final drive (gear reduction, differential) is permanently connected to the planetary carriers. The third clutch connects the internal combustion engine to the generator/motor to provide range extension capability. Two of the clutches are used to either lock the ring gear of the planetary gear-set or connect it to the generator/motor depending on the mode. The Volt’s drive unit uses an on-axis configuration motors and gear-set are mounted in an in-line with the range-extending internal combustion engine. The range extender pushes that to approximately 350 miles (563 km). #CHEVY VOLT RANGE ON ELECTRIC ONLY DRIVER#The Volt delivers a pure-electric range between 25 and 50 miles (40 and 80 km)-depending on terrain, driving techniques, driver comfort requirements (e.g., HVAC), and weather. This configuration reduces battery drain at steady state, cruising speeds in a window ranging from around 30 mph to more than 70 mph (48 to 113 km/h), adding up to two miles (3.2 km) of additional all-electric range. That’s how much power output we determined we needed for this car that has a very large battery and almost a half-size engine in terms of displacement to provide you with the average power required to provide an urban and highway type commute. We’re almost repurposing an internal combustion engine to provide this very unique type of propulsion. But this is really a study in rightsizing, rightsizing an internal combustion engine for this extended range capability. This engine obviously has the capability of revving much higher and producing much more output. #CHEVY VOLT RANGE ON ELECTRIC ONLY GENERATOR#The resulting Volt drive unit consists of two motors-a 111 kW main traction and 63 kW (at 4800 rpm) generator motor (55 kW generator output)-as well as three clutches and a planetary gear set tucked in the end of the traction motor that improve overall efficiency by reducing the combined rotational speed of the electric motors as needed. They thus decided to exploit the generator motor more thoroughly than it would otherwise have been if used exclusively as a generator in extended-range driving. Recognizing the benefits derived from their two-mode approach in their earlier hybrids, the engineering team also observed that they had a second motor-the generator motor-“ going along for the ride”, as Fletcher said during her presentation at the launch event in Detroit. Mechanical losses such as friction and windage dictate that the efficiency of an electric motor declines somewhat as motor speed increases. Pam Fletcher, Global Chief Engineer for Volt and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Powertrains That’s ultimately what the customer is looking for, is to maximize this notion of electric range, to maximize this notion of efficiency of the generator when we have to use it. How do we take all this battery energy.and very efficiently and effectively drive the wheels. The story of the electric drive is really a story about efficiency. Put another way, the GM team wanted to extend the range of the vehicle as efficiently as possible, while maintaining quality driving dynamics and experience. Given that GM had committed to a combustion engine and a generator as a range extender for the battery, the engineering team set out to develop a drive system that could maximize the combined efficiency of all the components under the different driving modes (all battery electric, and extended range). #CHEVY VOLT RANGE ON ELECTRIC ONLY SERIES#(The Volt could also be called a plug-in series hybrid, depending upon your taxonomic preference.) The Volt is an electric-drive vehicle, powered by a 16 kWh Li-ion battery, incorporating an internal combustion engine and generator to serve as a range extender an electrical plug is intended to be the primary source of stored energy used to deliver motive power.
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